• [Introduction]
• [Editors Note]
• [Indices]
• [1-9]
• [10-19]
• [20-26]
• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• EAAN No.: [20]
• [21]
• [22]
• [23]
• [24]
• [25]
• [26]

EAANnouncements 20
Autumn 1996

Contents

EAAN actives EAAN activities Member News Asian Scholars abroad Field & Research Reports Pamela RUMBAL ROGERS: Excavations at Tung Wan Tsai, Ma Wan Island, Hong Kong AN Jiayao: Hanyuan Hall excavation, Xi'an Roberto CIARLA: Northwest China Cultural Relics Preservation Project Dissertation Abstracts KANG, Bong Won: The role of warfare in the formation of the state in Korea: historical and archaeological approaches KIM Seung-Og: Political competition and social transformation: the development of residence, residential ward, and community in the prehistoric Taegongni of southwestern Korea Gideon SHELACH: The emergence of complex society in northeast China from the fourth to the first millennia B.C.: a perspective from the Chifeng area in Inner Mongolia Martin MORRIS: The relationship between elite and vernacular house types in pre-modern Japan

Exhibitions & Museum News Lectures Noteworthies EAANet conversations Conferences Conference Calendar Papers read Conference Reports Running Bibliography Journal updates

EAAN actives:

 

President: Prof. Gina L. Barnes, East Asian Studies, Univ of Durham, Durham DH1 3TH, UK. Tel. 191-374-3231, Fax 191-374-3242; email: gina.barnes@durham.ac.uk
Secretary: Dr. Yangjin PAK, Dept of Anthropology, Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Tel. 617-496-3796, Fax 617-496-8041; email: ypak@husc8.harvard.edu [until mid-Aug 1996]
Treasurer: Prof. Sarah Nelson, Dept. of Anthropology, Univ. of Denver, 2130 S. Race, Denver, CO 80208, USA. Tel. 303-871-2682/2406, Fax 303-871-2201; email: snelson@du.edu

Korea Treasurer: Dr. Insook LEE, #204-33 Kaenari Apt., Yeoksamdong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul 135-082 Korea. Tel/Fax 2-553-8027.
Japan Treasurer: Prof. Hideo KONDO, Dept History, Faculty of Letters, Tokai Univ, Kitakaname 1117 Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan. Tel. 463-58-1211x303, Fax 463-83-8198. 
China Treasurer: Ms. Jianjun YANG, c/o Liaoning Provincial Archaeological Research Institute, Liaoning Provincial Museum, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

Korea Representative: Dr. Insook LEE
Japan Representative: Prof. Hideo KONDO
China Representative: Dr. WANG Tao, Art & Archaeology Dept., SOAS, Univ. London, Thornhaugh St., London WC1H 0XG, UK. Tel. 171-637-6192, Fax 171-436-3844.
European Representative: Dr. Mark Hudson, Dept of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima, Okayama 700 Japan. Fax 86-255-9903.
North American Representative: Dr. James Grayson, Centre for Korean Studies, Sheffield University, Sheffield S10 2UJ, UK. Tel. 114-282-4390, Fax 114-272-9479.

EAANnouncements Editor: Prof. Gina L. Barnes (see above)
Journal Editor: Prof. Lothar von Falkenhausen, Art History Dept, Dixon Hall, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1417, USA. Tel./Fax 310-359-1689; (work) Tel. 310-825-6046, Fax 206-1903, email: lothar@humnet.ucla.edu
China Round-up Editor: Dr. Francis Allard, For summer 1996: c/o Prof. Charles Higham, Dept of Archaeology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Email: allard@elwing.otago.ac.nz
Japan Round-up Editor: Dr. Mark Hudson (see above)
Book Reviews Editor: Mr. Simon Kaner, 20D Guest Road, Cambridge, UK. Tel. 1223-563314, Fax 1223-333503

 

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EAAN activities:

EAANetwork is in the process of becoming a new, full-fledged academic society. Elections of officers were held in 1994, and the Council met in April 1996 to draft a constitution for the new society. In the June issue of EAANnouncements, the version agreed by Council was published for comments. The version below incorporates most of the comments submitted; it might be said here that some comments which suggested omitting certain phrases were kept as in the original; otherwise the major changes involved reordering articles 5,6,7 and shifting some sentences between articles to achieve a more logical presentation. No major changes in meaning were made during the changes.
The new constitution is now ready for ratification. Enclosed with this issue of the newsletter, you will find a ballot sheet. Please mark your response to the constitution and participate in the election process; we will also be grateful if you can contribute your time and efforts to any job that is vacant.
The results of the ratification process will be published in the spring issue of EAANnouncements; ratification will depend on the simple majority of votes in favour by EAANmembers.

RATIFICATION OF THE PROPOSED CONSTITUTION

Please sign the enclosed ratification form and return it BY JANUARY 31ST to the Secretary: Dr Yangjin PAK, Seoul National University Museum, Kwanak-ku, Seoul 151-742 Korea; FAX 2-874-3999 or 872-5415.

THIRD REVISED DRAFT CONSTITUTION FOR RATIFICATION

1. NAME OF THE ASSOCIATION
The name of the Association shall be THE SOCIETY FOR EAST ASIAN ARCHAEOLOGY (SEAA).

2. OBJECTIVES
This Association is concerned with promoting interest and research in the field of East Asian archaeology through the sharing of information on ongoing projects, encouraging premier quality research and interdisciplinary communications, providing publishing opportunities through a newsletter and journal, holding academic meetings and conferences, providing educational outreach to the general community, enhancing scholarly communications and good relations among archaeologists within East Asia, and encouraging interdisciplinary perspectives involving several regions.

3. GENERAL MEMBERSHIP
Membership of this Association shall be composed of professionals and non-professionals worldwide who are interested in East Asian archaeology. There shall be three classes of Membership: Honorary, Regular, and Reduced Fee (e.g. student, unemployed, retired). Membership shall be contingent upon payment of appropriate dues for each category as determined by the Council.

4. EXECUTIVE BOARD
The Executive Board shall consist of four elected Executive Officers (President, Vice-President, Secretary, and Treasurer). It shall act as the primary decision-making body of the Society in the interim between Council Meetings. The Executive Board shall serve to approve initial, non-routine, or large expenditures by the Treasurer. Decisions by the Executive Bord shall shall require a three-quarters majority. In the case of equally divided opinions on the Executive Board, the Editor shall be consulted as a tie-breaker. The Executive Board may issue an invitation to individual Non-Council Appointed Officers (see Article 10) or any other person to attend a Council Meeting as an observer.

5. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The Executive Officers shall be elected by general Postal Ballot to the Council and shall serve therein as the Executive Board. The Executive Officers shall also sit on the Nominating & Appointments Committee (see Article 12).
President, who will represent the Association to the outside, who will produce an agenda for and chair the periodic Business Meeting, who will act to oversee the activities of the Association in any arising situation, and fulfil other related duties.
Vice President, who will schedule, publicise and oversee the running of the World Conference by the Conference Program Officer and/or Local Organiser. The Vice-President will act on site as the conference trouble-shooter and write a Conference Report for publicity purposes, among other duties. Ordinarily, the Vice-President should succeed to the Presidency upon confirmation by a postal ballot.
Treasurer, who will be in charge of the Central Treasury (see Article 15) and to whom Regional Treasurers will report. The Treasurer will keep the database of members; generate mailing labels; accept Membership Dues, Conference Fees, and Subscriptions as necessary; issue dues notices (to be put in the newsletter); pay out reimbursements; and create an annual Treasury Report, among many duties. The Treasurer will also conduct periodic Membership drives with the help of the Regional Representatives and/or Regional Treasurers.
Secretary, who will serve the President and Treasurer in a secretarial capacity to communicate with the Council (e.g. circulate meeting agenda), administer the postal ballots (including constitutional amendments), take the minutes at the Business Meetings, chair the Nominating & Appointments Committee, and conduct other secretarial activities.

6. ADVISORY BOARD
Immediate Past Executive Officers shall form an Advisory Board to which Council Members have recourse for advice and guidance.

7. COUNCIL
The Council shall consist of the Executive Officers, a variable number of elected Regional Representatives, and Appointed Council Members of variable number and function. The number of Council Members en toto must not exceed a maximum of twenty, and their affiliations should ensure a broadly equal representation of all three East Asian countries (China, Korea, and Japan) in terms of nationality, scholarly interests, and/or residence.
The Council shall act as the policy making and administrative body of the Association. The quorum for decision-making at Council Meetings shall require the presence of a majority of current Council Members and must include at least two Executive Officers and one Regional Representative each from Asia and the West.
All Council Members shall be dues-paying Members. Each member of Council shall be accountable to the Council for carrying out their Duties. Officer reports shall be due annually to the President in writing by March 1st. The Council will thereafter confer once a year by telephone conference in mid-spring.

8. REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES
Regional Representatives shall be elected by general Postal Ballot to sit on the Council and form part of the Nominating & Appointments Committee. They shall be responsible for Membership and Subscription Drives in their area and will bring to the attention of the Council areal concerns in Association activities. Regional Representatives may also serve as Regional Treasurers, upon confirmation by Council, in order to collect Membership Dues from regional Members for forwarding to the Central Treasury. Regional Representatives shall consist of at least three Western representatives (Europe, North America, Australasia) and at least three Eastern representatives (China, Korea, Japan). Regional Representatives are encouraged to establish local branch societies (see Article 18) and to host local meetings in order to encourage communication on a residential basis among Association members.

9. OFFICERS APPOINTED TO COUNCIL
Appointments to these positions should be made by the Nominating & Appointments Committee with a three-quarters majority vote.
Public Relations Officer, who will fundraise for the Association and develop and distribute publicity materials for use on the internet, with the press, with publishing companies, book distributors, etc.
Computer Officer, who will encourage use of the internet for Association communication, including arranging for uploading of documents (the newsletter), maintaining a Home Page, etc.
Conference Program Officer, who will be in charge of the academic content and scheduling of Conference activities, including the call for papers, etc.
Local Organiser, who will be in charge of conference logistics: booking facilities and equipment, local transportation and events, and arranging payment, etc.
Journal Editor, who will be in charge of collecting, selecting, and editing papers for Journal issues, or who will appoint a Guest Editor for specific issues who will undertake these activities, etc. The Journal Editor will have recourse to an Editorial Board, the members of which shall be approved by the Executive Board.
Newsletter Editor, who will collect, select and edit material, and produce and distribute a periodic newsletter, etc. The Newsletter Editor shall be able to appoint subsidiary editors for specific tasks in creating the Newsletter contents.

10. NON-COUNCIL APPOINTED OFFICERS
These positions may be filled by existing Council Members, or they may be filled by other persons; in either case, it shall be the Nominating & Appointments Committee that appoints to these positions. Appointed Officers not already sitting on Council may be invited by the Executive Board to attend Council Meetings as observers, but they shall not be eligible to vote in Council affairs except by Postal Ballot as conducted among the General Membership.

Organizational liaisons:
SAA Liaison, who will coordinate activities at the annual SAA (Society for American Archaeology) meetings for East Asian archaeology and ensure that a presence is maintained and information flows, and who will write a report of activities for the newsletter.
AAS Liaison, who will coordinate activities at the annual AAS (Association for Asian Studies) meetings for East Asian archaeology and ensure that a presence is maintained and information flows, and who will write a report of activities for the newsletter.
IPPA Liaison, who will coordinate activities at the annual IPPA (Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association) meetings for East Asian archaeology and ensure that a presence is maintained and information flows, and who will write a report of activities for the newsletter.

Regional Treasurers:
If a Regional Representative does not also serve as Regional Treasurer, the Nominating & Appointments Committee may appoint another person to handle the local EAAN account.

11. ELECTIONS
Elections shall be held every four years by postal ballot; a simple majority of the valid returned ballots shall win. In cases where there is no simple majority, a plurality among the valid returned ballots shall win. The term served by all elected Officers shall be four years with unrestricted opportunity for re-election; early resignations may be replaced through the choice of the Executive Board, except for the succession of Vice-President to President, which shall be automatic in the case of the President's resignation. All elected Officers shall be confirmed through a postal ballot in the subsequent election year. Each Member is entitled to one vote.

12. NOMINATING & APPOINTMENTS COMMITTEE
The Nominating & Appointments Committee shall be formed by the Elected Officers (Executive Board and Regional Representatives) and chaired by the Secretary. It shall receives seconded nominations and nomination petitions from the General Membership. A nomination shall exist as a form signed by the nominator, seconder and/or petitioners and nominee agreeing to serve if elected. Only fully paid Members are eligible to nominate, second, petition, and serve.

13. NOMINATIONS
All elected positions can be challenged through the nomination and seconding of an alternative by any two Members for a vote during the next Postal Ballot. The Nominating & Appointments Committee shall put valid nominations to the General Membership for a vote in the next scheduled Postal Ballot.
The Nominating & Appointments Committee shall entertain nominations from the General Membership for appointments to new or elapsed terms, and current Appointments may be challenged by petition of at least ten members for re-consideration. Nomination forms shall be circulated to the General Membership through the Newsletter by the Secretary.

14. APPOINTMENTS
Valid nominations for appointed positions shall be decided upon by the Nominating & Appointments Committee by a three-quarters majority vote. The term of Appointment shall be four years.

15. DISENFRANCHISEMENT
If any elected or appointed officer fails to pay their Membership Dues or is agreed by three quarters of the Council to have failed to perform their duties to the Association, that Officer may be temporarily replaced by an appointment of the Executive Board until the next scheduled Postal Ballot.
Any Member may resign their Membership in the Association at any time, but they will not be eligible for a refund of any portion of their Membership Dues.
The Nominating & Appointments Committee may be petitioned by at least ten Members for the replacement of an Appointed Officer.

16. TREASURIES
The Association shall have a Central Treasury and Regional Treasuries as deemed convenient for collection of annual dues within different currency areas. The Regional Treasuries will annually pay their collected dues to the Central Treasury, accompanied by documentation of the sources of all incoming monies (members' names, changes in address, purpose of monies, etc.) and any outgoing monies used to maintain Association activities (postal costs, stationery supplies, bank charges, etc.). Expenditures will be distributed on an invoice or reimbursement basis, requiring prior approval of the Treasurer for the expenditure and the production of valid receipts.

17. FUNDING
The basic income of the Association shall consist of Membership Dues, Conference Fees, and Institutional Subscription Fees. Bequests, endowments and special project funding from corporations or funding agencies shall be solicited to further the objectives of the Association. Initial, non-routine, or large payments shall first be approved by the Executive Board.
Membership Dues for the calendar year shall be paid on or by January 1 of each year. Membership fees not paid by this date will be considered lapsed. Late renewals or new Memberships can be accepted at any time of the year and will be valid for the rest of the year but not on a prorated basis. However, such Memberships will not be entitled to receive materials (publications) which were generated in that calendar year by the Association prior to the payment of new or renewed Membership Dues.
No financial obligation in excess of funds available in the Treasuries shall be assumed collectively by the Council or individually by any Member on behalf of the Association, especially in the case of libel suits brought against any Association publication. Every Member or Employee of the Association shall be indemnified by the Association against all expenses and liabilities, including legal fees, reasonably incurred or imposed upon them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party or in which the may become involved, by reason of being or having been a Member or Employee of the Association, except in such cases wherein that Member or Employee is adjudged guilty of wilful misfeasance or malfeasance in the performance of Duties. The liability for such indemnities shall not exceed the funds available in the Treasuries, and no Member of the Association shall be personally liable for debts incurred by the Association.
No part of the Funds of this Association shall be distributed to Members of the Association except under conditions of employment or reimbursement. On dissolution of the Association, any funds remaining shall be distributed to one or more regularly organized and qualified charitable, educational, scientific, or philanthropic organizations to be selected by the Council.

18. LOCAL BRANCHES
Branches of the Association may be established by Regional Representatives in their country or area in order to host local meetings and encourage communication on a residential basis among Association members. However, local branch societies may not charge a separate Membership fee in competition with the Association's Membership dues; funding for local activities must be generated through other means, and such activities may be subsidized by the Central Treasury at the discretion of the Executive Board.

19. MEETING CYCLE
World Conferences will be held every four years, in alternation with IPPA meetings, and the locus shall shift among major world locations.
Business Meetings will be held at the World Conferences every four years. They will be prefaced by a Council Meeting at which the agenda, previously circulated to Council Members by the President through the Secretary, will be discussed and proposals agreed for presentation to the general Membership at the Business Meeting.

20. CONSTITUTION
The Constitution shall be reviewed for changes and amendments every four years at the World Conference Business Meeting, when amendments are proposed by the Council on its own initiative or upon petition by ten per cent of the Membership. A new draft Constitution incorporating the suggested changes shall be circulated to the Membership subsequent to the Business Meeting and voted upon in a postal ballot; approval of the changes shall require a three-quarters majority positive vote among those returning valid ballots. The Executive Board shall be responsible for collating suggestions for constitutional amendments and drafting a new document for ratification by the General Membership.
 

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MEMBER NEWS

Most address information has been omitted from this issue of Member News. A Membership Directory of SEAA members will be included in the June issue of EAANnouncements. Only those who have paid their 1997 dues will be listed, whether as part of EAAN or SEAA. If you want your name to appear in the Membership Directory, be sure you have paid your annual dues; contact the new SEAA Treasurer, Simon Kaner (address on back page of this issue) for appropriate forms, etc. Deadline for payment to be included in the Directory: 15 May 1997.

 

Francis ALLARD (Univ Otago, NZ) is currently doing fieldwork in China. He can be reached at:
until mid-December:
c/o Zhang Feng
Department of Anthropology
Zhongshan University
Guangzhou, PRC
from January: Dept of Anthropology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, NZ

BAE Ki-dong (Hanyang Univ) was in Pakistan this July 5-16 for field research into the Palaeolithic.

Elisabeth CHABANOL (Sorbonne, Paris), who has been teaching French at Hannam University in Taejon, Korea for the last 7 years, has been awarded a Korea Foundation Dissertation Fellowship in order to write up her research. She therefore hopes to spend much time from April next year in Kyongju, polishing her Ph.D. dissertation on Silla tombs.

Robert CIARLA (IsIAO) is in charge of establishing the new Italian-funded "North-Western China Center for the Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Relics" in the new Shaanxi Provincial Museum in Xi'an. He has spent much time and energy in getting this three-year project rolling (See RESEARCH & FIELD REPORTS); he is currently in Xi'an, returning in mid-November, then will be going again from 10 Jun-10 Feb and possibly from April to the end of July 1997.

Philippe DALLAIS (Switzerland) spent six months in Hokkaido last year doing archaeology. He has submitted a small report on BBN93 site in Chitose; if anyone is interested in receiving a copy, please contact him at:
55, Grand-Rue
2035 Corcelles-NE
Switzerland
FAX 022-3482028

Magnus FISKESJÖ (Univ Chicago) is spending the year in China doing ethnographic and ethnoarchaeological fieldwork for his Ph.D. dissertation. He can be reached:
c/o Institute of Anthropology
Yunnan University
Kunming, Yunnan Province
65001 PRChina
Tel/FAX 871-516-5031

Rowan FLAD (UCLA) is now settled in Los Angeles for dissertation work under Lothar von Falkenhausen. His new contact numbers are:
515 Gayley Ave. #10
Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Home tel. 313-769-4046 email: rflad@ucla.edu

Yuri FUKASAWA (Cambridge Univ) has been awarded a maintenance grant from the British Federation of Women Graduates (BFWG) to enable her to continue her research. She will be in Japan from October 4th to early December, and thereafter can be reached at:
Needham Research Institute
8 Sylvester Road
Cambridge, England
Work tel. 1223-369252 email: yf103@cam.ac.uk

IM Hyo-jae (SNU) visited both the United States and China. His mission in the States was to investigate the way contract archaeology is run and how excavation permits are issued.

Juha JANHUNEN (Univ Helsinki) has new a area code for his telephone numbers [all area codes in Finland were changed on 12 October 96; from within the country, omit the country code ? and add a 0 before the area code]:
Home tel. ?9-632326
Work tel. ?9-191-2888/3376
FAX ?9-191-3329

KANG Bong-won (Kyonghee Univ), having finished his dissertation at Oregon last year (p DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS), is now back in Korea and has just been appointed to a permanent lectureship at:
Department of Archaeology
Kyonghee University, Suwon Campus
Suwon City, Kyonggi-do, Korea

KIM Gwon Gu (Nat Folk Museum, Seoul) began a two-year stay in England where he has been sent by the Korean government to research the way field archaeology is carried out in Britain. He will be affiliated with:
c/o The County Archaeologist
8 Lisa Court, Frank's Lane,
Shire Hall, Castle Hill.
Cambridge CB4 1SW, UK
Tel. 1223-881614
Tel. 1223-420385

LEE Chung-kyu (Yeungnam Univ) travelled to Irkutsk and Vladivostok in July this summer.

Enno GIELE (M.A.1995, Chinese & Japanese Studies) writes:
"In the EAANnouncements 19, p.12, there is a 'news' item about/from me that needs a minor modification. The Annotated Bibliography of Studies on Chinese Wooden and Bamboo Strips in Western Languages, a contribution to Prof. Hsing I-tien's bibliography, which seeks to cover all those publications in Chinese and Japanese, has actually already seen its first ('finished') version. True, I am still interested in references to wooden strips works in Western Languages, but only in very recently ones, that are likely to have escaped my notice (including works in press or ongoing research)". Contact me at:
Neihu Rd., Sec. 1, Lane 737, No.94, 4 F
114 Taibei, TAIWAN, R.O.C.
Tel.: ? - 2 - 797 84 32
Please note also my new e-mail address: c4123001@cc.ntu.edu.tw

LEE Insook (Kyonggi Provincial Museum) took herself to New York for the month of August, finishing a paper in residence there and visiting several museums. Upon returning to Korea, she was appointed as the new Deputy Director of the Kyonggi Provincial Museum in Suwon City, Kyonggi-do, Korea.

Kathy LINDUFF (Univ Pittsburgh) writes that she has put her teaching syllabus on the Net; it can be accessed at: http://www.pitt.edu/~asian
She also writes "I had a great trip to Beijing and Inner Mongolia-locating sites where we will survey and eventually excavate. I am interested in the intersection between pastoralists and agriculturalists; we will work in the Ordos and also in the Chifeng area."

Koji MIZOGUCHI (Kyushu Univ) attended the European Assoc. of Archaeologists conference in September and gave a paper in the panel entitled "Archaeology as social action: What archaeologists make" organised by Dr. John Carman (Clare Hall, Cambridge). See PAPERS READ for Koji's paper title. He also writes that he has been extremely busy of late but has managed to finish two articles, one concerning Yayoi jar burial practices, and the othe concerning the basic structure of archaeological practice by examining the socio-political proces through which the processual and post-processual movements emerged and came about, both in Japanese.

Martin MORRIS (formerly of Todai) has finished his doctorate (See DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS) and is now a Lecturer at:
Department of Architecture
Faculty of Engineering
Chiba University
1-33 Yayoi-cho
Chiba-shi 263 Japan
Work Tel/Fax 43-290-3970
Home tel. 43-256-9966
Home address: 9-21-203 Konaka-dai, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263 Japan

OKITA Masaaki (Tenri Univ) is leader of a geophysical survey and excavation project at the Saitobaru Tomb cluster in Miyazaki, Japan. He has done two seasons work there with EAANmember NISHIMURA Yasushi doing the geophysical surveys. Prof. Okita is spending the summers of 1996-7 working at the Tenri excavation in Israel, between which he will spend a sabbatical at the University of Durham (See ASIAN SCHOLARS ABROAD).

PAK Yangjin (SNU Museum) has returned to Seoul from Harvard and now has a Part-time Instructorship in the Department of Art & Archaeology at Seoul National University and is an Affiliated Research Fellow in the University Museum. He can be reached at:
Seoul National University Museum
Kwanak-ku, Seoul 151-742 Korea
Work tel. 2-880-8091 FAX 2-874-3999 or 872-5415
Home tel. 2-876-5457

Pamela RUMBALL ROGERS (Univ Hong Kong) is a doctoral candidate at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, researching the prehistory of Hong Kong. She is working with the Antiquities and Monuments Office, Hong Kong Government, on the analysis of material from the Neolithic site of Yung Lung in northeast Hong Kong. She is also the co-director with Richard Engelhardt (UNESCO) of the Phuket Project, an ongoing study of maritime adaptation in Southeast Asia. Recent papers and articles include:
"Subsistence continuity in the prehistory of south coastal China" in C.I. Yeung and W.L. Li (eds.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia, pp. 467-78. University of Hong Kong, 1995.
"Traits or treats? Units of archaeology study: the example of maritime adapted cultures in Seoutheast Asia" with R.A. Engelhardt in Yeung & Li (as above), pp. 305-18.
"Midden excavation in theory and practice: a Han-period midden site at Tung Wan Tsai, Ma Wan Island, Hong Kong" with E. Widdowson, in Papers from the Institute of Archaeology 7 (1996): 31-46.
"The Phuket Project reevisited: the ethnoloarchaeology of maritime adapted communities through time" with R.A. Engelhardt, paper given at the 6th International Conference of the European Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists, Leiden, September 1996.

Maurizio RIOTTO (Istituto Universitario Orientale, Napoli) spent the summer in Korea on a Kwahak Chedan fellowship (Science Research Foundation of Korea). His research topic is "Power and society in ancient Korea". He was affiliated with the Hanyang University Museum under the care of Prof. KIM Byung-mo.

Ken SASAKI (Harvard) is back in Cambridge, Mass., revising his dissertation for publication and looking for a job. He is also working on a contribution to a collection of essays in honour of Prof. K.C. Chang under the editorship of EAANmembers Bob Murowchick and Lothar von Falkenhausen. Finally, he has contributed to "An Introductory Bibliography for Japanese Studies" with M. Tanaka (See RUNNING BIBLIOGRAPHY). Ken can be reached c/o the Department of Anthropology at Harvard until December 3rd, after which time he will be returning to Japan.

Gideon SHELACH (formerly Univ Pittsburgh) has finished his Ph.D. (See DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS) and is now employed at:
Dept. of East Asian Studies
Hebrew University, Mt. Scopus
Jerusalem 91905 Israel

SHIN Kyung-cheol (Pusan Univ) has moved from being Director of the Kyungsung University Museum to a Lectureship at Pusan National University. He can now be contacted at:
Department of Archaeology
Pusan National University
Pusan 609-735
Work tel. 51-510-1838 FAX 51-581-2455

Werner STEINHAUS (formerly Osaka Univ) is back in Germany since April 1996 after 4 years studying and researching at Osaka University. He intends to finish his Ph.D. at Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg. His new adress is:
Obere Schneeburgstr. 76
79111 Freiburg, Germany
FAX/Tel.: 0761/445237
Email: Wsteinhaus@t-online.de

Don WAGNER (Needham Research Institute, Cambridge) has just finished a three-year stay in Cambridge doing research on the Chinese iron industry for the SCC series (Needham's Science and Civilization in China). He returned to Denmark and can be reached at:
Reverdilsgade 3, 1.th.
DK-1701 Copenhagen V
Denmark
Home tel. - 3131 2581
e-mail 106026.3213@compuserve.com

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ASIAN SCHOLARS ABROAD:

WANG Youping (Beijing Inst. Archaeology) will be the K.C. Wang Fellow of the British Academy from November 1996, visiting Prof. Clive Gamble at Southampton University and Dr. John Gowlett at Liverpool University to discuss Palaeolithic matters.

Prof. OKITA Masaaki (Tenri University) will be a Visiting Professor to the Department of East Asian Studies and Centre for Research in East Asian Archaeology, Durham University between 1 Oct 96 and 31 Mar 97, hosted by Gina Barnes.

Prof. HAN Rubin (Beijing Univ of Science & Technology) visited the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC for two months in August-September 1996 to consult on their cooperative metallurgical projects.

Prof. AN Jiayao (CASS Institute of ARchaeology) spent two months over the summer visiting Dr. Alexander Koch at the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum in Mainz, Germany.
 

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FIELD & RESEARCH REPORTS:

For articles to appear in this section, they should be limited to 500-1000 words and submitted to the Editor by the issue deadlines stated on the front cover of EAANnouncements: mid-January for the Spring issue, mid-May for the Summer issue, and mid-September for the Autumn issue. The editor reserves the right to edit or decline to print. Please report research here!!
 

Excavations at Tung Wan Tsai, Ma Wan Island, Hong Kong
  by Pamela Rumball Rogers
The archaeological project at Tung Wan Tsai, Ma Wan Island, Hong Kong, began in March 1994 and was completed in March 1995 on behalf of the Antiquities and Monuments Office of the Hong Kong government. The excavation opened an area measuring 30 x 20 m lying along the hill slope terrace at Tung Wan Tsai. The open plan trench extended eastwards towards the present beach. At a depth of approximately 50 cm, a compacted surface was exposed extending the length of the trench. Incorporated into this surface were postholes, pits and a drainage ditch; material pressed into and lying on the surface included pottery, stone artifacts, iron objects and fragments, shells and two coins dating to the Han period. To the east of this surface lay a large area covered with a refuse dump made up of enormous numbers of shells, coral, sherds, animal and fish bones, seeds, objects of iron, bronze and stone and another Han coin. Test pits dug to the north and south of the main excavation area showed that both the surface and the refuse deposit continue along the terrace.
Analysis of the pottery found at this level has shown a wide range of forms and fabrics, ranging from coarse, plain vessels to much finer wares decorated with stamped designs, seals and glazes. These ceramic finds provide much new data on pottery of the early historic periods in South China in general and Hong Kong in particular. The deposit at Tung Wan Tsai is valuable because material dated to the Han period has rarely been found in Hong Kong and never in such quantity or associated so clearly with features and stratigraphy.
The deposit of shells and other refuse from the Han period occupation at Tung Wan Tsai is also an interesting first for Hong Kong. Although such midden deposits occur at sites further up the Pearl River estuary in Guangdong Province, none has previously been found this far south. The deposit has offered the opportunity for analysis of the subsistence base of the group which occupied the site. The shell and fish bone data in particular has provided information on the maritime economy and the changing environment of the site.
Excavation also revealed a prehistoric sandbar below the early historic occupation. This bar, running north-south along the hillside, was built up by wind and storm action. Large quantities of coral in the sandbar are evidence of this and of variations in earlier environmental conditions. Also found in the sandbar were assemblages of pottery, bronze, shell and bone. Many of these assemblages were scattered throughout the sandbar in a very different manner than the single, solid, deposit of the Han period. The earliest of these scattered deposits has been C-14 dated to approximately 1500 B.C. It consists of a number of shell scraper-tools, coarse ceramics, fish bones, shells and deer teeth in an area of charring and compacted sand.
Other assemblages of note from the sandbar include a group of 96 oval beach pebbles, some chipped and others selected for their naturally notched shape. Associated with this group were two large, notched anchor-stones and several stone-working pebble tools. Several complete but shattered vessels were found in other parts of the sandbar and have been reconstructed. Another assemblage of interest, found at the rear of the sandbar, consisted of a complete and unbroken coarseware jug, a set of four jadeite slit-rings in graded sizes and more than 200 shell beads scattered about the area. Routine soil analysis of this context revealed notably high phosphate levels, leading us to hypothesise the presence of a burial.

Institute of Archaeology, University College, London

 

Hanyuan Hall excavation, Xi'an
  by AN Jiayao
The excavation of the Hanyuan Hall site at the Tang city of Chang'an was successfully completed this past spring. The location of the Dragon Tail Steps was ascertained. This excavation removed three meters of later layers and exposed the southern terrace of the Hall. Some brick walls and gutters remain in the same place. Because the brick wall and gutter of the southern platform were linked up, there was no trace of any steps in front of the platform. We found a part of the pavement on the eastern side of the Qifeng Pavilion, which was sloping and tough. The pavement should be one of the Dragon Tail Steps. Another one should be on the western side of the Xiangluan Pavilion; unfortunately, it was thoroughly destroyed. This discovery conforms to the literary description: "There were steps on the left and right sides of the Hanyuan Hall, named Dragon Tail Steps" and "the Dragon Tail Steps began in front of the pavilions" (the Song Chronicles). The feature is similar to that of the first Supreme Hall in Nara, which was constructed in 710 AD.

Director, Tang City Excavation Team, CASS Institute of Archaeology, Beijing

 

Northwest China Cultural Relics Preservation Project
  by Roberto Ciarla
The project for the establishment of the "North-Western China Center for the Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Relics" in Xi'an was approved by an inter-governmental Chinese-Italian committee in 1991 and is funded by the "Direzione Generale per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo" of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The total buget allotted in 1991 to the three-year project (1995/96-1998) does not exceed 4 billion US dollars. The lay-out and the executive plan of the project itself was designed by the Istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente (IsIAO) (formerly Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente-IsMEO), which is also the executive agency. The aim of the project is the establishment of an institution within which Italian specialists (conservators, restorers, archaeologists and specialists in related fields of research) will carry out training courses on the following subjects:
1. Scientific Restoration. A two-year course will be conducted in order to create the first Chinese professional restorers (mainly for archaeological objects and mural paintings). The model for the School is the Istituto Centrale per il Restaruo (Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Rome). The School will start on November 7th, 1996 with 24 students attending from northwestern China, Inner Mongolia and Henan provinces.
2. Science of Conservation. Advanced scientific laboratories have been established (e.g. AAS, XRD, SEM-EDAX, FTIR, TLX, HPLC, X-Ray, GC/MS) in order to train the local specialists in the philosophy and in the methodology of the interdisciplinary approach to the study of archaeological objects (integration of archaeology, archaeometry, conservation/restoration).
3. Scientific Archaeology. The training courses are mainly focused on: field conservation, excavation methods/theories and documentation of the archaeological data (mainly using the Barker and Harris methods). The first field school-in collaboration with the Shaanxi-sheng Kaogu Yanjiusuo-was carried out in the Fall of 1995 at Daijiawan (Baoji, Shaanxi), a multi-site area with late palaeolithic, neolithic, Zhou, Qin, Han, and Nanbei Chao occupation horizons. The excavation and the field school will be resumed in the spring of 1997; besides archaeology, short intensive courses in palaeobotany, geomorphology, geoarchaeology, computer-archaeology, and physical-anthropology will be given.
In addition to the teaching rooms, labs, restoration rooms, and an exhibition room for restored items, the Center houses a Library specialized in the field of archaeology and conservation. (Donations of publications from private scholars or institutions around the world are especially welcomed.) Finally, a special laboratory for the conservation and restoration of ceramic materials will be established next spring at the Conservation Laboratories of the "Terracotta Army Museum" in Lintong.
Approximately ten scholarships will be offered to the most promising of our Chinese students and colleagues for specialized study in Italy.

North-Western China Center for the
Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Relics,
Xingshan Si, Dongjie 12,
710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PRChina
FAX 29-526-2401
 

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DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS

PhD Degrees

The role of warfare in the formation of the state in Korea: historical and archaeological approaches
by KANG, Bong Won, Ph.D., Dept of Anthropology, Univ of Oregon, 1995
This dissertation is concerned with the formation of the Silla Kingdom, a protohistoric state located in the southeastern portion of the Korean peninsula. Combining theoretical issues and empirical data concerning state formation, I present a case study of how one prime mover, warfare, played a role in the formation of the Silla Kingdom between the first and fifth centuries AD. Two hypotheses associated with the significance of warfare were formulated and tested against both historical and archaeological data.
To examine alternative models about the role of irrigation works and long-distance exchange in the development of the Silla Kingdom, I analyzed relevant historical documents, stelae, and selected archaeological data. Both documentary and archaeological data suggest that irrigation works and long-distance exchange were not sufficiently influential to claim critical roles in the emergence of the state in southeastern Korea.
To test hypotheses formulated about the role of warfare, a number of bronze and iron weapons excavated from burials in southeastern Korea were quantified and analyzed in conjunction with data on wars mentioned in the historical documents. In particular, an analysis of empirical data on various kinds of metal weapons that probably were used in battles strongly supports the premise that warfare was a significant factor in the state formation process of the Silla Kingdom between the first and fifth centuries. Both historical and archaeological sources also reveal that there was a continuous local indigenous development from lower-level sociopolitical stages to higher-level ones in southeastern Korea, finally dominated by the Silla kingdom. Furthermore, based upon the results of mortuary analysis, I conclude that the Silla Kingdom became a state-level society sometime between the middle of the fourth and the beginning of the fifth centuries during the reign of King Naemul (356-402 AD).
 

Political competition and social transformation: the development of residence, residential ward, and community in the prehistoric Taegongni of southwestern Korea
by KIM Seung-Og, Ph.D., Dept. Anthropology, Univ. Michigan, 1996
This thesis involves the use of archaeological data to investigate the evolution of sociopolitical complexity in the southwestern Korean societies between 500 BC and 300 AD. Guided by an action-centered theoretical perspective, it attempts to contribute to a better understanding of the social process of how social competition between village segments for people and their resources led to the emergence of social inequality in prehistoric Korean societies.
The Taegongni settlement site, located in southwestern Korea, revealed a total of 162 residential features, 54 small pits, and many functionally-specific structures, including storage buildings and kilns. Based on multidimensional-scaling procedures, five new Taegongni subphases were proposed.
Based on the analysis of both synchronic and diachronic variation in each time period, it is found that there was constant social competition led by aspiring group leaders: each phase is clearly partitioned into several major village segments. Furthermore, the site shows a gradual increase in sector size and complexity through time. The site began as small nucleated segments in Phase I, then became larger in Phase II, and finally evolved into a more complex community in Phase III in terms of size and configuration of community sectors. Although social differentiation tended to gradually increase throughout Phase III, this differentiation was not enough to suggest that hereditary rank societies had emerged.
During Phase IV, the social landscape changed dramatically as Taegongni grew to become a major socio-political center. Social differentiation within and between village segments seems to have been great. The largest sector, R, covers upwards of 64 m in diameter and contains more than 37 buildings. It may have served as the sociopolitical focus in the community and probably controlled several other sectors, which were also internally ranked. The final Phase V community maintained a similar social organization and complexity with the preceding Phase IV. In short, this research strongly suggests that there was constant competition between residential sectors for people and their resources and that this social competition was the propelling force for social transformation for the rise of social inequality in southwestern Korea.
 

The emergence of complex society in northeast China from the fourth to the first millennia B.C.: a perspective from the Chifeng area in Inner Mongolia
by Gideon Shelach, Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh, 1996
The emergence of socio-political complexity in China is traditionally described as having started in the Yellow River Basin and spread to the 'periphery' by way of political expansion and cultural diffusion. Our work challenges this model in two complementary ways. First, by focusing on the Chifeng area, we address local processes which led to the development of social complexity. Second, by analyzing concrete data we address the nature and impact of interaction.
A settlement study we conducted in the Chifeng area of southeastern Inner Mongolia provides the main data used to address those issues. Published and unpublished reports on archaeological work conducted by Chinese archaeologists are used to supplement the data generated by our field survey. Our data suggest that in the incipient socio-political hierarchy of the Hongshan period (c. 3500-2500 BC), status was exclusively tied to public ceremonial activity. During the Lower Xiajiadian period (c. 2000-1600 BC), a three-tiered central place settlement pattern points to increased socio-political stratification. However, the power of the elite was still tied to their public functions such as coordinators of the construction of the large defence systems found at many sites. By the Upper Xiajiadian period (c. 1100-600 BC) a more mobile lifeway resulted in decreased investment in permanent structures. However, based on burial data, we argue against previous reconstructions which describe it as a period of declining socio-political complexity. These data suggests a society in which political power was personally associated with the paramount leaders.
In diachronic terms we observe a transition from 'group-oriented' to 'individualizing' societies. We maintain that this was a significant part of the socio-political process. However, comparison between the Lower and Upper Xiajiadian societies demonstrates that a more individualized system is not necessarily more complex. It indicates that those ideological changes can be associated with 'horizontal' rather than 'vertical' shifts.
We observe two distinct patterns of interregional interaction. During the Lower Xiajiadian period, the region was occupied by polities which attained comparable levels of socio-political organization, with the contacts among them confined mainly to down-the-line exchange networks. No evidence was found for conscious attempts by political leaders to control or boost the interaction. In contrast, the regional political landscape of the Upper Xiajiadian period agrees much better with the center-periphery model. At this time, state level polities had emerged in the Yellow and Yangzi River Basins, while the northern corridor was still inhabited by chiefdom level societies. However, we posses no data to support the world-system model. Rather than being exploited by the core and passively receiving its influence, the Upper Xiajiadian polities seem to have been active players taking advantage of the interaction.
 

The relationship between elite and vernacular house types in pre-modern Japan
by Martin Morris, D.Engineering, Tokyo University, 1995
This thesis considers the interplay of influences between elite and vernacular house types in Japan from proto-historic times to the close of the Edo period, focussing on the architectural chracter of kitchen/service elements and the manner of their incorporation into the house. It is argued that, because of the link between status and the delegation of service activities to others, the character, arrangement and extent of the service zone is particularly useful in illuminating the elite-vernacular relationship. The point at which service and served zones cease to be combined under a single roof is identified as a significant threshold.
Chapter 1 introduces a range of house types with kitchen and service elements integrated into the main house building, a phenomenon associated predominantly with vernacular dewllings. The first half of the chapter concerns basic types from pit-dwellings to simple doma-ima houses, while the latter half considers surviving examples of more developed integrated houses with a floored zone subdivided into several rooms.
Chapter 2 focusses on the central structure in the service zone of major elite houses at the dawn of the early modern period, the great kitchen building, and notes similarities with the service-integrated houses discussed in chapter 1. These similarities seem incompatible with the widely held theory that the elite and vernacular house types of Japan derived respectively from distinct southern and northern continental prototypes, developing separately from one another. The role of such kitchen buildings in the context of the elite house is analysed, and they are compared with similar kitchen buildings/priestly residences in temples. The honjin phenomenon is also explored.
Chapters 3 and 4 attempt to establish the architectural lineage of early modern elite kitchen structures by tracing their development from the proto-historic period until the Momoyama period. Among a range of conclusions, it is noted that building types equivalent to lower-class dwellings were employed in an ancillary capacity in elite residences from the outset, but that the early-modern elite kitchen owes much to medieval developments, including amalgamation of structures and continental influence.
Chapter 5 assesses the significance of buntÚ and the possibility that fusion played a signficant role in the development of the integrated vernacular house as well as the elite service building. An attempt is made, by analysis of early modern-period vernacular plans, combined with evidence from excavation, emaki, etc., to reconstruct putative medieval prototypes, which it is suggested were in use among the medieval landed warrior class.
Chapter 6 considers changes in the location of the service elements in elite residences through time and their implications with respect to the planning development of Japanese elite houses as a whole.
The overall conclusion is that the concept of distinct elite and vernacular lineages is too rigid and requires revision to incorporate notions of continuous interaction at many levels. Such an approach offers the opportunity to grasp the complex dynamics of development of the Japanese domestic architectural tradition as a whole.
 

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EXHIBITIONS & MUSEUM NEWS

This section may include overlaps with "Newsletter, EAAA" listings; for fuller information about art historical showings, subscribe to Newsletter, East Asian Art & Archaeology, Dept. Art History, Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1357, USA.

Seoul National University Museum, which was newly opened in a brand-new building in October 1993, houses the excavation collections for the Chŏngok-ri Palaeolithic site, the Neolithic Osan-ri site, the Bronze Age Hŭnam-ri site, and the walled sites of Pugnap-dong and Monch'on Tosŏng. Archaeologist CHOI Mong-lyong was appointed its 11th director from Sept '95.

"On 13 September, the first great loan exhibition from China to be seen in London for 20 years, opens at the British Museum: 'Mysteries of Ancient China'. The impact of this never to be repeated exhibition of outstanding artefacts will alter for ever the public perception of Chinese Art. It promises to generate the same excitement caused by "The Treasures of Tutankhamun" which opened nearly 20 years ago at thge British Museum, and the quality of the artefacts it contains certainly equal its Egyptian predecessor. The exhibition will include the most spectacular finds made by Chinese archaeologists working in Guanghan, southwest China, who in 1986 began to unearth evidence for a completely unknown civilisation dating to 3000 years ago. The dramatic discovery of two large pits, packed with smashed and burned bronze human sculptures and vessels, jades and several curious heads of monsters with huge ears and projecting eyes, together with masses of elephant tusks, gold fragments and the charred bones of sacrificial animals, proved the existence of a previously unknown highly organised state. Also on show will be the important artistic masterpieces of early Chinese civilisation from China's richest archaeological sites in several distinct regions, little of which has ever been seen outdside China before. Treasures in the exhibition include: • a unique jade suit which belonged to Prince Liu Sheng (2nd century BC), • figure of a naked soldier from the famous terracotta army, • two dog collars made in gold and silver, found on the skeletons of the animals who wore them, • an enormous human sculpture with giant hands, cast in bronze and nearly 3 m tall, • a fantastical mythological bronze money tree, so called for the coins distributed on the branches, • an extraordinary bronze and gilded human-like head with huge ears and projecting eyes, • painted ceramic figures of two squatting drummers, completly carried away with their music, • an exuberant pottery lamp in the shape of tree with animals snuffling and crawling on the base." (verbatim from the British Museum Press Release)

An exhibition of "Earth, Water and Fire: Chinese Ceramic Technology" is running in the Lady David Gallery of the Percival David Foundation in London from August 1996 to spring 1997.
 

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LECTURES

CKS Colloquium no. 163
22 Jan 96 "Rice and dolmens in Korea," by Prof. Sarah Nelson

East Asian Studies Center, SNU
13 Sept 96 "Trends in East Asian Archaeology-Internationalization," by Prof. Gina Barnes (DEAS, Durham)
13 Sept 96 "Special Characteristics of the Chinese Bronze Culture," by Dr. PAK Yangjin (SNU Museum)

Needham Research Institute Seminars, Cambridge
18 Sept 96 "The Han state monopoly of the iron industry and its archaeology", by Dr. Donald B. Wagner (NRI)
2 Oct 96 "Shaman-king bronze and iron," by Mr. Jon-il KIM (Dept. of Archaeology, CU)
4 Dec 96 "Bronze age cultures in Xinjiang: recent finds," by Mr. Jianjun MEI (Dept. of Archaeology, CU, & NRI)
10 Dec 96 "Iron prohibition in China, Korea and Japan," by Dr. Yuriko FUKASAWA (Dept. of Archaeology, CU, & NRI)

Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art, London
19 Sept 96 "The discovery of 19th-century Chinese export silver toilet sets from the collection of the Russian Tzars" by Dr. Maria Menshikova (Hermitage Museum)

Circle of Inner Asian Art, SOAS, Univ London (archaeological topics only)
25 Sept 96 "Newly discovered Dunhuang paintings from the British Library" by Prof. Roderick Whitfield (SOAS)
23 Oct 96 "The archaeological collections of Charles Masson in Afghanistan, 1833-8: a reappraisal" by Dr. Elizabeth Errington (British Museum)
27 Nov 96 "Charsadda revisited: a reconsideration of the archaeology of the Bala Hisar" by Dr. Robin Coningham (Univ Bradford)
22 Jan 97 "Chinese pilgrim monks and Inner Asian monasteries" by Dr. Mary Stewart
26 Feb 97 "Akra, ancient capital of Bannu (NWFP, Pakistan)" by Mr. Robert Knox (British Museum)
7 May 96 "The Otani collection in Seoul" by Dr. Youngsook PAK (SOAS)

Oriental Museum Friends and DEAS (Univ Durham)
31 Oct 96 "The mystery of Sanxingdui in Sichuan, China: theories about the contents of the sacrificial pits of the 13th-14th centuries BC" by Prof. Dr R. Goepper (Univ of Köln)

Bristol Art Museums, Autumn Art Lectures 1996: Japan and her neighbours
22 Oct 96 "Korean craftspeople and their role in early Japanese art" by Prof. Gina Barnes (Univ. Durham)
 

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NOTEWORTHIES

Notes in the current issue are referred to as NOTEWORTHIES No. 00, while those in a previous issue will be referred to as NOTEWORTHIES 00-00, with the issue number before the dash and the note number after the dash.

 

1. SILLA SCHOLAR ARRESTED IN SEOUL
   A well known and liked 'gentle professor' going by the name of Muhammad Kansu xx was arrested on 22 July 96 as a North Korean spy. He had styled himself as a Lebanese, raised in Cairo, currently with a Philippine passport. Since 1988, he has been a professor at Dangook University in Seoul. As a specialist in the Arabic language and history, he researched historical connections between East Asia and the Middle East. Recently he participated in the Silk Road TV documentary filming in Cairo. After tips in August that he was regularly faxing North Korea from the Plaza Hotel in Seoul, authorities moved in. He has been revealed to be CHŏNG Su-il, born in the Yangbian region of northeastern China-a member of the Korean minority. Educated at Beijing University in Arabic, he worked in the Chinese embassy in Libya before developing his scholarly talents. After moving to P'yongyang in the mid-1970s, he served Kim Il-sung as a translator. He has a wife and two grown daughters in P'yongyang, in addition to a wife in Seoul who knew nothing of his real identity.
   His book, Silla-sŏyŏk kyoryu-sa (The history of relations between Silla and the West, Dangook University Press, 1992), has been re-examined in Chosŏn Ilbo newspaper 23 Aug 96, p. 39, for anyone interested. Highly regarded by Korean scholars, this is the first major exploration of Silla's westwards connections.
    
2. 2ND-CENTURY SARA-RI BURIAL, KYONGJU
   Excavations between Nov 95-Feb 96 revealed an intact burial (#130) from the 2nd century AD in Sara-ri, 15 km west of Kyongju on the road towards Taegu. Yielding 110 artifacts, including a pavement of flat iron 'axes' (ingots?), this burial shows integration into wide trading networks. With the deceased were buried a Chinese bronze tiger belt-hook, a 50-cm long narrow bronze locally made sword, imitation bronze mirror possibly from Japan, a northern Chinese iron pot, 3 iron swords, and 70 cm worth of beads. This grave was one of 130: 2 jar burials, 5 wood coffins and 11 wooden chamber-burials from the Late Iron Age; 42 Silla-style burials, 10 stone chambers and 60 wooden chambers from the Three Kingdoms period; and 4 Bronze Age houses. This site is one of several new sites in the region spanning the emerence of the Silla state and enlightening this process from an archaeological rather than literary perspective. (Dong-A Ilbo, 26 Mar 96; Seoul Sinmun 27 Mar 96)
    
3. NEW BOOKS ON ONE OF 'ASIA'S BEST WEB SITES'
   Han-Shan Tang Books of London was pleased to find that "what we like to think of as our 'no-frills-all-content web site' has been chosen by the Far Eastern Economic Review editors (http://www.feer.com) as one of 'Asia's Best Web Sites'. (See also 'A New Page in Book Buying' FEER, Aug 29, 1996, p. 50.)
   http://www.demon.co.uk/eastfield/hstbooks/
   If you haven't yet visited, then please do. Our newest catalogue 78 was recently mounted and there are many books from our field - East Asian Art and Area Studies - listed in our feature which collects books we catalogue by week number, for weeks 36, 37 and (the current week) 38.
   With thanks to all colleagues in our field, Han-Shan Tang Books"
   Please, all replies to: hst@eastbook.demon.co.uk
    
4. SOHN POW-KEY HONOURED
   Yonsei University's Institute of Korean Studies has chosen SOHN Pow-Key of Danguk University to fill its L. George Paik Chair for 1996-97. Prof. Sohn is a renowned archaeologist of the Palaeolithic period who is currently conducting fieldwork in China under the auspices of the Korea Research Foundation.
    
5. 1997 ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELDWORK OPPORTUNITIES BULLETIN (AFOB)
   "Published by the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA), the Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin is available to the public on the first of January each year. It lists excavations and surveys with openings for volunteersand staff, as well as educational programs including field schools, study tours, and museum internships.
   To have your project included in the 1998 AFOB, please contact Susanna Burns at 617-353-8708,e-mail: susannab@bu.edu. Submission by mail or fax of previously prepared materials, such as flyers or brochures, is acceptable If all your details are not fully finalized by the deadline in the middle of next October, your program may still be included with a notation of whom to contact for more information. We hope you will contribute to our publication. This is a unique opportunity to publicize your program and to recruit volunteers, students, and staff. We look forward to hearing from you."
    
6. CHINA ARCHAEOLOGY & ART DIGEST
   This quarterly costs US$120/year; to obtain copies, contact atext@public3.bta.net.cn. According to the Australian editors, it surveys 100 Chinese publications and provides ca. 200 pages of English-language synopsis illustrations per issue. Includes complex character forms for names, etc.
    
7. PUBLISHING MATERIAL FROM SUSPENDED EXCAVATIONS
   The Publications Committee of the AIA wishes to support the publication of unpublished materials from excavations that have been concluded or suspended. Scholars who have access to such materials and plans to publish them are urged to contact the Publications Committee. Proposals do not need to be accompanied by a completed manuscript, but they must include a full and specific statement of the goal of the project, the work that has already been done, the work that remains to be done, and the type of assistance required. Partial manuscripts or sample catalogue entries may be submitted as supporting material. The committee will examine all submissions with care and may offer assistance other than publication if, given the limitations of the funding available to the Institute, publication of the material by the AIA is not possible. This support may be in the form of small grants for specific and limited tasks that are required prior to publication (for example, drawing, photography, photographic processing), advice and help in securing such funding, assistance with electronic portions of the publication, or assistance in finding an appropriate publisher.
   For information regarding a proposal, write to: Publications Committee, Archaeological Institute of America, 656 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215-2010 USA
    
8. URBAN ARCHAEOLOGY FORUM
   The organization called "Alexandria Archaeology" has produced a mailing list (hardcopy) of all those archaeologists it has been able to identify interested in urban archaeology, mostly in the United States. If you want to be listed in this document, or just want a copy of it, contact: Alexandria Archaeology, 105 North Union St., Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
    
9. HARVARD KOREAN STUDIES BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASE PROJECT
   The Korea Institute at Harvard University is collecting bibliographic information for a general Korean studies bibliography of publications in Western languages. This data base will be published in CD-ROM format for use with both Macintosh and IBM-compatible platforms in mid-1997. Included will be upwards of 30,000 titles of books, articles, theses, book reviews and book chapters on topics related to Korea; although the data base is devoted mainly to secondary sources, translations of Korean literature will also be included. Ennries will not be limited to the English language but will include titles in major Western languages including French, German, Czech, Danish, Italian, Hungarian and others. Languages that use non-Roman alphabets (such as Russian) will be excluded from the first edition of the bibliography but may be included in future editions. The CD itself will include a freeware bibliography program that is user-friendly while also allowing sophisticated searches. Users will also be able to print search results in most standard bibliographis styles including MLA, Chicago, Aurhor-Date, Turabian, etc.
   To bring the project to fruition, we ask you to assist us with the following. Please send:
   1) A complete list of your publications
   2) A list of Korean studies bibliographies or any other list of materials related to Korea; if these materials are unpublished, available only on microfilm, etc., we would appreciate guidance as to where to find copies (i.e. in which library).
   3) A copy of your own specialized bibliography, published or unpublished, annotated or not
   4) Any other information or hints that you feel would be helpful.
   Please submit all information by December 1996 via email, regular mail, or fax to:
   http://www.fax.harvard.edu/~korbib/
   http://www.fax.harvard.edu/~korea/
   korbib@fas.harvard.edu
   FAX 617-495-9976
   Harvard Biblio Data Base Project
   Korea Institute
   303 Coolidge Hall
   1737 Cambridge Street
   Cambridge MA 02138 USA
   Editors: Frank Hoffmann, Matthew Christensen, Kirk Larsen
    
10.  A 4,500 YEAR-OLD CEREMONIAL PLATFORM FROM SOUTHWESTERN CHINA
    On 27 Oct 1996, a three-tiered tamped-earth platform was uncovered at the Longma-gucheng site 40km sw of Chengdu, Sichuan. Measuring 60mNS x 40mEW, with the two smaller tiers rising to a height of 6m, the platform is being excavated by the Sino-Japanese Yangtze Civilization Sichuan Basin Investigation team organised under Prof. Umehara, International Centre for Japanese Studies, Kyoto; the Field Director is Prof. T. Higuchi of the Nara-Prefectural Kashiwara Archaeological Research Institute. Around the platform have been found myriads of postholes and human skeletal material in special deposits, leading to the interpretation of the area as an urban or ceremonial site.
    (from Asahi Shimbun 28 Oct 96)
     

    advertisement: Han-Shang Tang Books

    advertisement: Asian Rare Books Inc.

     

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EAANet CONVERSATIONS:

This is a new section for EAANnouncements, recording some of the more interesting exchanges on the listserver, eaan, which is jointly supported by the East Asian Archaeology Network and the Society for the Study of Early China. The list is operated by Prof. Nathan Sivin at the University of Philadelphia. Sign-on instructions are given on the last page of this newsletter. All EAANmembers are urged to get an email address in order to participate in the listserver exchanges.

Major Discovery in Archaeology: Ancient Soldiers Buried Alive
Three versions of this discovery were posted on eaanet, and much commentary followed.
1. Chinese archaeologists have excavated a pit containing a layer of bones believed to be the remains of soldiers buried alive after a bloody battle between the states of Zhao and Qin during the Warring States period (476-221 B.C.), Reuters reports from Beijing. The pit is in Gaoping city, Shanxi province, and the layer is about 24 inches thick, according to Xinhua. Experts believe this was the site where a commander from the state of Zhao, ZHAO Kuo, was defeated and killed along with 300,000 of his soldiers by troops from the state of Qin. The episode has long been recorded in Chinese history, but the recent discovery was the first archaeological evidence to prove the event actually happened. (Wenyi ZHOU, Jian LIU) [CND, 10/31/95] [submitted by Magnus Fiskesjö]
2. Another brief report of this Warring-States site: Location: Gao Ping city, Shanxi province pit working is 10 m long, 2 m wide, 0.6 m deep filled with skeletons. Weapon wounds are found on some ramains. Shanxi archaeologists draw their conclusion of Chang Ping Battle Site on this evidence: 17 spade and knife coins believed to be Han state, bronze weapons, and location. However, that they stated "this site is the largest Battle of Chang Ping sites found so far", seems to indicate that they have surveyed others. (People's Daily, overseas edition, Nov. 2, 1995; reporter ZHANG Yu) [submitted by li1234m@Meena.CC.URegina.CA]
3. Yu(?) Yu Ancient Battlefield Is Discovered
1995 summer, Prof. Jin, Shanghe of Shanxi Univ. who has spent many years on reseaching ancient battlefieds in Shanxi, located Yu(?) Yu site near Wusu Village, Xin County, Shanxi. General Zhao, She (father of Zhao Kuo, Zhao commander in the Battle of Chang Ping) led 50,000 Zhao troops defeated 300,000 Qin invading army in 270 B.C.E. at Yu(?) Yu. More evidence is provided in this report and they appear quite convincing. (People's Daily, overseas edition, Oct. 28; reporter ZHANG Zhiren) [submitted by li1234m@Meena.CC.URegina.CA]

Comments via eaanet:
From: Donald B. Wagner
Nathan: The mass grave of soldiers at Yan Xiadu, with all their weapons, is believed to be the kind of 'imposing monument' (jingguan) that is mentioned in David's quotation from the Zuo zhuan, a monument to their defeat and humiliation. For details see my Iron and steel in ancient China (Leiden: Brill, 1993), pp. 176-182.

From: Magnus Fiskesjö <fisk@midway.uchicago.edu>
Given the relatively small size of the reported individual sites in Shanxi one wonders if they can really be correlated with historical events of such magnitude (hundreds of thousands of soldiers involved...but perhaps more of the Shanxi finds have been published elsewhere)?

From: Dr. C. Cullen <CC3@soas.ac.uk>
On small burial sites resulting from big battles, in reply to Magnus Fiskesjö: Unless there was some overwhelming reason for collecting together all dead bodies in the aftermath of a major engagement (honourable burial for our side, dishonourable dumping under a tumulus for the enemy), I would expect the activities of burial squads to result in a number of dispersed small-scale interments, placed conveniently wherever each squad happened to come across a group of bodies worth their attentions.
I should stress that this opinion is based completely on a priori grounds. It is open to correction by anyone who can produce either archaeological or literary evidence to show that mass burial should be our normal expectation after battles in China in the relevant period. [My reference to "dumping" above was of course intended to be a reference to the known tradition that one might *on occasion* bury enemies shamefully under a tumulus - but the stories make it plain that this was by no means always done]

From: David Keightley <keightle@garnet.berkeley.edu>
In response to Chris Cullen's a priori query about the 'rationality' of large-scale burial pits for the victims of big battles (and freely admitting my own amateur status in late Zhou history):
1. There was a tradition of large scale inhumations. See, e.g., the Zuozhuan's account (Xuan 12) of the Battle of Bi (I have not bothered to check the Chinese text, but take my translations from Watson's translation, pp. 98-100):
Pan Dang said to the king of Chu, "My lord, why not set up a military encampment and collect the bodies of the Jin dead and pile them up to make an imposing monument? I have heard that when you defeat an enemy, you must leave some mark of it for your sons and grandsons so they will not forget your act of military prowess!" The Chu ruler said, "You would not understand such things.... Now the purpose of military action is to prohibit violence.... But now I have caused the men of these two states of Chu and Jin to bleach their bones upon the field, an act of violence.... In ancient times when enlightened kings attacked those who had failed to show reverence, they seized their leaders and heaped up their corpses in an act of great punishment. The kind of 'imposing monument' that resulted was meant to serve as warning to transgressors and evildoers. But now Jin is not guilty of any fault....How could we think of erecting such a 'monument'?"
2. As SEKINO Takeshi observed long ago (see my comments in Early China 2 [Fall 1976]:31), the Shiji records how the Qin armies decapitated their defeated opponents in numbers ranging from 6,000 to 240,000; Qin also gave rewards for cut-off heads. I had assumed, perhaps wrongly, that these casualty figures included not only soldiers killed during the battle but that they also included captives who were rounded up and subsequently executed. In that case, it would be plausible (one hardly likes to say rational) for the Qin victors to have gathered their victims together at one place and slaughtered them for convenient burial in one pit, rather than in many small ones, particularly given the tradition implied above (which, given the uncertain historicity of the Zuozhuan, might well reflect Zhanguo rather than Chunqiu practice?).
3. Have we not, precisely on this 'herd together and kill' model, recently had mass graves in Bosnia?
4. On the other hand, the Chinese archaeologists appear to have found a pit, that was 10 m long, 2 m wide, 0.6 m deep, and filled with skeletons. By my calculation such a pit would have a volume of 12 cubic meters. If we assume, very roughly, that an average Zhanguo corpse measured ca. 1.8 x 0.6 x 0.5 m, for a total of ca. 0.5 cubic meters, then the pit, as reported, would have held about 24 corpses. Or, if you attempt to draw it on a piece of paper and assume that 6 corpses could have been squeezed in, head to toe, in the long dimension (10 m), and 5 corpses side by side in the short (2 m), and that there were 2 layers of corpses, one still would end up with a pit capacity of some 60 corpses (precisely the kind of relatively small burial that Cullen had in mind?). Given Sima Qian's figure of 300,000 killed, the number of corpses in the pit is far smaller than I had been expecting. But perhaps my math or my figures are wrong?

From: Dr. C. Cullen <CC3@soas.ac.uk>
Yes, I knew about the Battle of Bi and was referring to the proposal then made (but not followed) when I mentioned "dishonourable dumping under a tumulus for the enemy". I also agree that massacres of captives tend to result in piles of bodies in one place. But neither of these modes would necessarily operate in the general run of engagements, where people died fighting or in flight and were not given the tumulus treatment. Under such circumstances, it would clearly be less trouble to bury bodies in the groups in which they were found rather than dragging them all to a central interment site. And, as David Keightley's calculations show, the burial pit under discussion looks the right size to have resulted from that sort of process.

from Nathan Sivin: nsivin@sas.upenn.edu
Pardon my perennially indefatigable naiveté, but aren't people more likely to be buried with their weapons by friends than by enemies?

From: Donald B. Wagner <dbw12@hermes.cam.ac.uk>
Nathan: The mass grave of soldiers at Yan Xiadu, with all their weapons, is believed to be the kind of 'imposing monument' (jingguan) that is mentioned in David's quotation from the Zuo zhuan, a monument to their defeat and humiliation. For details see my Iron and steel in ancient China, somewhere in chap. 4.

From: Keightley <keightle@garnet.berkeley.edu>
Nathan Sivin's point that soldiers buried with their weapons are more likely to have been buried by their friends is plausible from our point of view, and indeed there is much evidence in Shang cemeteries like the one at Yinxu West that soldiers were buried with their weapons. But Don Wagner's point-that there was symbolic value in burying enemies with their weapons-surely has to be considered? Furthermore, the only account I have seen of the Gaoping pit (as opposed to the pit at Yan Xiadu) made no mention of weapons. Donald Wagner's file acknowledged this: "If the soldiers' weapons were buried with them, we will have an actual sample of the weapons used in battle at a particular place and time, 270 BCE." Do other accounts refer to weapons at Gaoping?

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CONFERENCES:

CONFERENCE CALENDAR

Titles new to this issue are emboldened and those dealing specifically with East Asia are starred
 

*Nov '96: 3rd International Conference on Ancient Bronze Drums and Bronze Culture of Southern China and Southeast Asia, Guilin, Guangzi, China. Trips to Guilin Museum and the Jingjiang Imperial Tomb Museum. Contact: Prof. JIANG Tingyu, Guangxi Museum, 34 Min Zu Ave., Nanning 530022, Guangxi, P.R. China

Feb 10-11 '97: Sixth Australasian Archaeometry Conference, Sydney. Contact: Sixth Australasian Archaeometry Conference, AINSE, PMB1, Menai, NSW 2234 Australia, or Dr. R. Fullagar, Fax 2-320-6058, email: richardf@amsg.austmus.oz.au. Papers on review of certain fields, as well as case studies, are welcome.

*Mar 13-16 '97: Association for Asian Studies (AAS), Chicago. amEAAN/SEAA meeting in conjunction; contact Prof. Kathy Linduff, FAX 412-648-2792, email: linduff@ums.cis.pitt.edu

*Apr 2-4 '97: Joint East Asian Studies Conference (JEASC), University of Durham, Contact: Lynn Baird, BAJS, Centre for Contemporary Japan, Univ of Essex, Colchester, Essex, England. email: lynn@essex.ac.uk. For papers to be given on the archaeology panel, contact Gina Barnes, FAX 191-374-3242, email: gina.barnes@durham.ac.uk

Apr 2-6 '97: Annual Society for American Archaeology (SAA) meetings, Nashville, Tennessee.

Apr 14-16 '97: Archaeology and World Religion: the examples of Judiasm, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism, Cambridge, UK. Contact: Dr. Timothy Insoll, St John's College, Cambridge CB2 1TP, UK. Fax 1223-337720; email: tai1000@cam.ac.uk. [that's 'tai one thousand']

*Apr 17-21 '97: Association for Korean Studies in Europe (AKSE) meetings, Stockholm. Contact: Dr. B. Walraven, Centre for Japanese & Korean Studies, Univ of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.

*July 7-12 '97: 35th International Congress of Asian and North African Studies (ICANAS), Budapest. General subject: "Oriental Studies in the 20th century: state of the art." A special panel about Aurel Stein and archaeology on the Silk Road is planned, and an exhibition on the Silk Road is being prepared. Contact: Körösi Csoma Society, Muzeum krt 4/b, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary.

*Sept '97: Conference on Technological Transfer between Japan and the Continent, 1100-1600. University of Oregon.

*Jan ca. 4-10 '98: 16th Congress of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association (IPPA), Malaysia. Sessions: Early farming cultures of South Asia; Origins and expansion of agriculture in mainland southeast Asia; Ceramic relationships between Island Southeast Asia and Oceania, including Lapita; The Hoabinhian revisited; Linguistic correlations with archaeological units in the Indo-Pacific region, etc. Contact: IPPA Sec'y Dr. Peter Bellwood, Dept Arch & Anth, ANU, Canberra, Austraila. FAX 6-249-2711; email: peter.bellwood@anu.edu.au

 

PAPERS READ

For copies of the papers listed here, please contact either the symposium or panel organizer if the author is unknown to you
 

STONES FROM HEAVEN: ANCIENT CHINESE JADE SYMPOSIUM, 24 Mar 96, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, CA
Childs-Johnson, E.: The Jade Age defined

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CHINESE ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY, UCLA, 10-11 May 96
Falkenhausen, Lothar von: Introductory remarks
Zhao, Zhijun: Searching for the origin of rice (Oryza sativa poaceae)-a Sino-American archaeological project in China
Lee, Yun Kuen: The Chinese pathway-the development of adequate theories on ancient China
Wang, Wenjian: The Chengtoushan project in Hunan, China
Li, Liu: Subsistence and beyond in the Kangjia village, Longshan culture
Underhill, Anne P. et al. : Systematic, regional survey in southeastern Shandong province, China
Shelach, Gideon: Potential contributions of Western archaeology-insights from fieldwork in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia
Allard, Francis: Neolithic and Bronze Age settlement patterns in Xinghua Basin, Guangdong province
Cohen, David J.: Investigations into Early Shang civilization-goals, methods, and preliminary results in the ongoing project.
Li, Yungti: The excavations at Mazhuang and Shantaisi from 1994 to 1996

EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF ARCHAEOLOGISTS, Riga, Latvia, 25-29th Sept 96
Mizoguchi, Koji: The reproduction of Japanese archaeological discourse-structurationist critique
 

CONFERENCE REPORT

The Internationalization of Chinese Archaeology in the Twenty-First Century
UCLA, May 10-11, 1996
The recent opening, after forty years of exclusionist policies, of fieldwork opportunities for foreign scholars has begun to revitalize the long-dormant field of Chinese archaeology in the West. International cooperation stands to contribute in many ways towards increasing the scope and depth of archaeological research in China, and towards optimizing the recovery and analysis of data by technologically advanced methods. Given Chinese archaeologists' long isolation, partners in collaborative fieldwork projects on both sides will have to grapple with how to accommodate such new ideas and methodologies with Chinese archaeological practice and discourse.
This symposium brought together twelve practitioners, based at US institutions, who have already participated in collaborative archaeological projects, to talk about the intellectual as well as the cultural issues that had arisen in the course of their projects. The participants' experiences exemplify the potential, as well as the possible pitfalls, inherent in international archaeological collaboration in China.
Participants agreed that, as scholars are proceeding to engage in ever more ambitious ventures of the sort, it is important to devise strategies for using limited resources available to the fullest, for dealing with the bureaucracies on both sides of the Pacific, as well as for improving lines of communication between scholars. A larger, international conference on the same body of issues is being envisaged for, perhaps, 1999.
It is no exaggeration to say that the current wave of international archaeological collaboration projects represents a watershed in the history of Chinese archaeology. To appreciate how far we have come, it is useful to review similar ventures that took place in the Republican period (such as J.G. Andersson's work under the sponsorship of the Chinese Archaeological Survey, the Smithsonian Institution's engagement in China during the Twenties and Thirties, the Sino-Swedish Expedition of 1927-34, and several smaller projects), as well as pre-Cultural Revolution collaborations in the PRC (notably the joint Sino-North Korean excavations in the Chinese Northeast in 1962-64). In light of the misunderstandings and shortcomings of these previous projects, it is possible to be somewhat sympathetic to the previously unwelcoming stance of Chinese archaeologists vis-a-vis the participation of foreigners in fieldwork on Chinese soil. In the current situation, however, with such projects being conducted on both sides by highly-qualified specialists that are much better trained than their predecessors, it is reasonable to expect that similar problems will be avoided. In fact, the contribution of collaborative work in post-Palaeolithic archaeology done since 1991 already eclipses everything that came before.
The symposium was sponsored by the Center for Chinese Studies, the Institute of Archaeology, the Dean of International Studies and Overseas Programs (ISOP), the Dean of the College of Humanities, the Dean of the College of Social Sciences, the Center for Pacific Rim Studies, and the Art History Department, all at UCLA; it was organized by Lothar von Falkenhausen, Art History Department, UCLA, Dickson Hall, 405 Hilgard Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; office telephone: 310-825-6046, FAX 206-1903, email: lothar@humnet.ucla.edu

L. v. Falkenhausen

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RUNNING BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

Bibliography

Bibliography: The Chinese Palaeolithic (until 1990)

 

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JOURNAL UPDATES
 

• Hanguk Koko-Hakbo, Journal of the Archaeological Society, No.35, Sep. 1996
• Studies in Geography IV, Nara Women's University 1992
• Nihon Kōkogaku, Journal of the Japanese Archaeological Association, No. 1, 1994
• Nihon Kōkogaku, Journal of the Japanese Archaeological Association, No. 2, 1995
• Journal of the Jomon Period Studies, No. 1, May 1990
• Journal of the Jomon Period Studies, No. 2, May 1991
• Jomon Jidai, Journal of the Jomon Period Studies, No. 3, May 1992
• Jomon Jidai, Journal of the Jomon Period Studies, No. 4, May 1993
• Jomon Jidai, Journal of the Jomon Period Studies, No. 5, May 1994
• Jomon Jidai, Journal of the Jomon Period Studies, No. 6, May 1995
• Korean Culture (Chosen Bunka Kenkyu), No. 3, March 1996

 

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